Knowledge base
Clear explanations of technologies, platforms and approaches used in modern IT.
287 of 287 terms shown
AI architecture defines the structure and components of AI systems, including data pipelines, models, and deployment strategies. It matters for enterprise operations by ensuring scalability, efficiency, and maintainability of AI solutions.
Leveraging artificial intelligence to automate complex tasks and decision-making processes, increasing efficiency and reducing manual effort.
Using artificial intelligence to automate tasks and workflows, improving efficiency and freeing up human resources for higher-value work.
AI regulation involves rules and laws governing the development and use of artificial intelligence. It matters for enterprise operations by ensuring ethical AI deployment, mitigating risks, and maintaining compliance with legal frameworks.
This refers to the design and structure of systems that enable artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities. It matters for enterprise operations by providing a scalable and efficient foundation for deploying AI/ML models to drive business insights and automation.
A Red Hat automation tool for configuration management, application deployment and IT process orchestration. Uses YAML playbooks and requires no agents on managed machines.
A Ukrainian IT expert who has been working in the country’s IT industry since the mid-1990s. Anton Marrero holds a профиль-related higher education degree, having graduated from the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and the International Institute of Management (MIM). After completing his studies, Anton co-founded the company Softline together with like-minded partners, where he actively developed his professional skills and participated in numerous IT projects. Currently, Mr. Marrero continues to realize his professional potential and leverages his extensive experience to contribute to the development of Intecracy Group as a member of its Supervisory Board. Anton Marrero is also actively involved in professional IT community events in Ukraine, where he shares his experience and knowledge with younger generations of professionals.
Application Programming Interface — a set of protocols and tools for integrating applications with each other. REST API, GraphQL and gRPC are the most common types. The foundation of modern microservices architecture.
API security protects application programming interfaces from threats and unauthorized access, ensuring data integrity and preventing service disruptions.
Implementing measures to protect Application Programming Interfaces from unauthorized access and malicious attacks. It matters for securing data exchange between applications and preventing breaches.
A continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes implementing the GitOps approach. Monitors repository state and automatically syncs cluster configuration with the Git description.
AI refers to systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, like learning and problem-solving. It matters for enterprise operations by automating processes, improving decision-making, and enabling new service offerings.
The ability of cloud systems to automatically adjust computing resources up or down based on demand, ensuring performance and optimizing costs.
The use of technology to perform tasks with minimal human intervention, streamlining operations and increasing efficiency across various business functions.
A Microsoft service for managing hybrid and multi-cloud infrastructure from a single Azure portal. Allows applying Azure policies to servers, Kubernetes clusters and databases in any environment.
Microsoft's hyperconverged infrastructure allowing Azure services to run on local hardware. An ideal hybrid cloud solution with Azure Arc support.
Backup as a Service — a cloud service that automatically stores copies of data and applications in secure cloud storage with recovery capabilities.
Processes and technologies for creating copies of data and systems to restore them after an outage or disaster. This is crucial for minimizing data loss and resuming operations quickly.
Systems and strategies for creating and storing copies of data to protect against loss due to hardware failure, cyberattacks, or human error.
A plan for regularly copying and storing data to protect against loss due to hardware failure, cyberattacks, or natural disasters, crucial for business continuity.
Bare Metal Servers provide dedicated physical hardware for maximum performance and control, crucial for demanding enterprise workloads.
The capability of an organization to continue delivering products or services at acceptable predefined levels following a disruptive incident. It ensures minimal downtime and operational resilience.
A strategic plan to ensure essential business functions can continue during and after a disaster or disruption. It focuses on maintaining operations and minimizing impact on customers and revenue.
An advanced electronic signature standard ensuring long-term validity and non-repudiation of digital documents. It is critical for legal and regulatory compliance in digital transactions.
Capital Expenditure — upfront spending on servers, network equipment and licenses. In the cloud model, CAPEX shifts to OPEX — subscription-based payment.
A structured approach to managing the transition of individuals, teams, and organizations to a desired future state. It minimizes resistance and maximizes the benefits of organizational changes.
Continuous Integration / Continuous Delivery — the practice of automated code building, testing and delivery. CI verifies changes after each commit, CD automatically deploys tested code to production.
Automated workflows that enable continuous integration and continuous delivery of software, accelerating development cycles and improving code quality.
Cisco's cloud-managed networking platform for managing Wi-Fi, switches, routers and cameras from a single dashboard. Ideal for distributed offices and retail.
Designing IT systems with cloud services in mind: selecting components, connections between them, security policies and scaling. Proper architecture is the foundation of reliable and cost-effective cloud infrastructure.
The design and planning of cloud computing environments, including infrastructure, platforms, and services. It dictates how cloud resources are organized and managed for optimal performance and scalability.
The design and organization of cloud computing services to meet business needs. They matter for optimizing performance, security, and cost-efficiency in enterprise IT operations.
Strategies and practices to reduce cloud spending while maintaining performance and reliability.
Different ways cloud services can be deployed, such as public, private, or hybrid clouds, each offering distinct characteristics for resources and management. Choosing the right model is key to aligning IT strategy with business goals.
Managing and optimizing cloud costs through visibility, accountability, and efficient resource utilization.
Policies and processes that ensure cloud environments are managed securely, compliantly, and cost-effectively. Effective governance is vital for controlling risk and optimizing cloud operations.
The hardware and software components that provide cloud computing services, such as servers, storage, and networking. It enables on-demand access to IT resources, offering scalability and cost efficiency for businesses.
Cloud Infrastructure Management oversees and optimizes cloud resources, ensuring performance, cost-efficiency, and security for cloud-based operations.
The process of moving IT infrastructure, applications and data from on-premises servers to a cloud environment. Includes planning, compatibility assessment, actual transfer and optimization.
The process of moving digital assets, applications, and data from on-premises systems to cloud infrastructure, enabling modernization and cost efficiency.
A plan for moving applications, data, and IT infrastructure to a cloud environment to achieve specific business objectives.
Automating the management and coordination of cloud resources and services to streamline operations and ensure consistency.
Ensures cloud services are used efficiently, matching capacity to actual demand to reduce costs. This matters for controlling IT spend and maximizing the value of cloud investments.
The ability of cloud systems to easily adjust computing resources up or down based on demand. It matters for maintaining performance during peak times and avoiding overspending during lulls.
The overall security status of an organization's cloud assets, assessed through continuous monitoring and management.
Established guidelines and best practices for securing data and applications hosted in cloud environments. They matter for protecting sensitive information and ensuring the integrity of cloud services.
Remote servers store and manage data, enabling scalable and accessible storage for businesses. This allows for easier data sharing and disaster recovery.
A plan for how an organization will leverage cloud computing services to achieve its business objectives. It guides decisions on which workloads to move to the cloud, how to manage them, and the associated security and cost considerations.
The suite of services and tools that enable computing resources to be delivered over the internet. They offer scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency for businesses.
High-performance virtual desktops delivered from the cloud, offering scalable computing power and application access for demanding professional workloads.
An approach where organizations prioritize cloud solutions for new IT initiatives and consider cloud options for existing systems, aiming for agility and innovation.
A software development approach that fully leverages cloud computing: microservices, containers, CI/CD, autoscaling. Applications are designed for the cloud from day one.
Cloud-native architectures are designed to run in cloud environments, enabling faster development and deployment of applications. This approach allows businesses to scale resources dynamically and leverage cloud services for greater agility and resilience.
Designing and building applications specifically to run in cloud environments, leveraging services like containers and microservices. This approach enables faster development, scalability, and resilience.
Security Information and Event Management systems built for cloud environments, offering advanced threat detection and response.
IT system adherence to regulatory requirements and standards: GDPR, ISO 27001, SOC 2, PCI DSS. Cloud providers offer compliance certifications, but responsibility is shared between provider and customer.
Adherence to laws, regulations, standards, and internal policies. It ensures that an organization operates legally and ethically, avoiding penalties and reputational damage.
A field of AI that enables computers to 'see' and interpret visual information from the world. It automates tasks like object recognition and image analysis, enhancing efficiency and enabling new applications.
Security rules that grant or deny access to applications and resources based on specific conditions like user location or device health.
The automated management, deployment, and scaling of containerized applications, essential for running complex microservices architectures efficiently.
A technology for isolating applications in containers — lightweight, portable environments containing code, dependencies and configuration. Ensures consistent application behavior across any environment.
Packaging software and its dependencies into isolated units called containers, ensuring consistency across different environments and simplifying deployment.
The strategic management and dissemination of information within and outside an organization. Effective communication is key to employee engagement, brand reputation, and stakeholder relations.
All information generated and used by an organization in its operations. Effective management and governance of corporate data are crucial for informed decision-making, regulatory compliance, and business growth.
The design, implementation, and management of an organization's internal network infrastructure, ensuring reliable connectivity and secure data flow.
Strategies and practices to reduce cloud spending without compromising performance or reliability, essential for managing IT budgets effectively.
Information presented in legal proceedings to support or refute a fact in dispute. Ensuring electronic documents and records meet standards for admissibility is crucial for legal cases.
Essential systems and services that a nation relies on, such as energy, water, and telecommunications. Protecting these is vital for societal function and national security.
Protecting essential services like power grids, water systems, and communication networks from threats. It matters for national security and the uninterrupted functioning of society.
Moving data from one country to another, subject to various privacy and sovereignty laws. This matters for ensuring compliance and maintaining data security when operating globally.
An AI-powered cybersecurity platform for protecting endpoints, cloud workloads and identities. Falcon is their flagship EDR/XDR product.
The ability of an organization to withstand, respond to, and recover from cyberattacks. It ensures business continuity and minimizes operational disruption in the face of cyber threats.
Identifying, assessing, and mitigating threats to an organization's digital assets and data. It matters for preventing financial loss, reputational damage, and operational disruption.
The process of restoring IT systems and data after a cyberattack. It minimizes downtime and financial losses, ensuring business continuity.
The practice of protecting systems, networks, and data from digital attacks, essential for safeguarding sensitive information and maintaining operational integrity.
A plan for regularly copying and storing data to protect against loss due to hardware failure, cyberattacks, or human error.
Unauthorized access or disclosure of sensitive information, which can lead to financial loss, reputational damage, and legal penalties for an enterprise.
Data Center Modernization updates aging IT infrastructure to improve efficiency, scalability, and security, ensuring business continuity and competitiveness.
A framework for managing data assets, ensuring data quality, security, and compliance with regulations, crucial for reliable analytics and decision-making.
The property of data that prevents it from being altered or deleted once written. This is critical for ensuring data integrity, auditability, and protection against tampering.
Processes that ensure data is accurate, complete, and has not been altered or corrupted. It matters for maintaining the trustworthiness of information used for decision-making and compliance.
Measures and policies designed to safeguard sensitive information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, alteration, or destruction. It is essential for privacy and regulatory compliance.
The concept that digital data is subject to the laws and governance of the country where it is collected or processed. It matters for meeting legal requirements and protecting sensitive information.
Database Migration moves data from one database system to another, essential for upgrading systems, adopting new technologies, or consolidating infrastructure.
Declarative Configuration describes the desired end state of a system, allowing tools to determine the steps needed to achieve it, simplifying complex IT management.
A cloud computing offering that hosts desktop operating systems and applications on a remote server. DaaS provides flexible, scalable, and accessible virtual desktops for employees, improving productivity and IT management.
A culture and set of practices uniting development (Dev) and operations (Ops) to shorten the software release cycle. Includes CI/CD, IaC, monitoring and automation.
A set of principles and practices that combine software development and IT operations to shorten the development lifecycle and provide continuous delivery. DevOps improves collaboration, speed, and reliability of software releases.
An approach that integrates security practices into every stage of the DevOps lifecycle, from development to operations. It matters by embedding security early, reducing risk, and enabling faster, more secure software delivery.
Systematic control of digital records throughout their lifecycle, from creation to disposition. It matters for efficient retrieval, compliance, and risk reduction.
Incorporating technology to electronically sign documents, verifying authenticity and integrity. It matters for streamlining workflows, ensuring legal validity, and enhancing security in transactions.
The integration of digital technology into all areas of a business, fundamentally changing how it operates and delivers value to customers. It drives innovation, improves customer experience, and creates competitive advantage.
A plan and procedures for restoring IT systems after failures, disasters or cyberattacks. Defined by RPO and RTO metrics. Can be implemented via DRaaS in the cloud.
A plan and set of procedures to restore critical IT functions after a disruptive event, ensuring business continuity and minimizing downtime.
Outsourcing disaster recovery capabilities to a third-party provider, offering scalable and cost-effective business continuity.
Developing a strategy to restore IT operations and data after a disruptive event, minimizing downtime and business impact.
Data Loss Prevention — technologies and policies preventing confidential data leakage outside the organization. Controls file movement via email, cloud storage, USB devices, etc.
Domain Name System — converts domain names (google.com) into IP addresses. A critical network infrastructure component and attack vector (DNS spoofing, DNS tunneling).
A platform for building, deploying and running applications in containers. A Docker container includes code, dependencies and configuration, ensuring consistent operation on any server.
A process for systematically storing and retrieving business records for compliance and historical purposes. It ensures long-term data integrity and auditability.
The systematic process of organizing, storing, retrieving, and tracking documents and records throughout their lifecycle. It improves efficiency, compliance, and information accessibility.
Disaster Recovery (DR) and Business Continuity (BC) are plans and capabilities to resume IT operations and business functions after a disruptive event. They matter by ensuring minimal downtime and data loss, protecting revenue, reputation, and customer trust.
Disaster Recovery as a Service — a cloud service providing server and data replication to a backup datacenter with automatic failover during outages.
Connecting digital services and platforms to provide seamless customer or user experiences. It matters for improving efficiency, accessibility, and user satisfaction.
Processing data closer to its source rather than in a centralized cloud, reducing latency and improving real-time responsiveness for applications.
Endpoint Detection and Response — a technology for monitoring and responding to threats on endpoints (workstations, servers). Detects suspicious behavior and allows rapid isolation of compromised machines.
A secure digital repository for storing and retrieving electronic documents and records over the long term. It ensures data integrity and accessibility for legal and business needs.
The process of storing digital records in a secure, organized, and retrievable format for long-term preservation. It matters for compliance, legal discovery, and historical record-keeping.
A system for organizing, storing, and tracking digital documents. It improves efficiency and compliance by making information easily accessible and secure.
Information recorded in a digital format that can be created, stored, and processed by computers. They are fundamental to modern business operations and digital workflows.
Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) monitors endpoints for threats and provides tools to investigate and remediate security incidents.
A blueprint for an organization's IT infrastructure and business processes. It ensures technology investments align with strategic goals and improve operational efficiency.
The use of cloud computing services by large organizations to host applications, store data, and manage IT resources. It offers scalability, flexibility, and cost-efficiency for complex business needs.
Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD) — a cloud identity and access service. Provides SSO, MFA, conditional access and identity management for Microsoft 365 and thousands of SaaS applications.
The process of aligning with or adopting standards, regulations, and policies set by the European Union. This is crucial for businesses operating within or trading with EU member states.
Excessive privileges grant users more access rights than they need to perform their job functions. This increases the risk of accidental data breaches or malicious misuse.
An integrated security approach that unifies detection and response across multiple security layers like endpoints, networks, and cloud. XDR provides broader visibility and faster, more effective threat containment.
Federated learning is a machine learning technique that trains algorithms across multiple decentralized edge devices or servers holding local data samples, without exchanging their data. It matters for enterprise operations by enabling AI model training on sensitive or distributed data while preserving privacy and reducing data transfer costs.
Financial management of cloud spending — a practice uniting IT, finance and business to optimize cloud costs. Includes monitoring, forecasting, rightsizing and governance.
A financial management discipline for cloud computing that brings financial accountability to the variable spend model of the cloud, enabling teams to make data-driven spending decisions.
Reviewing cloud spending to identify inefficiencies and ensure financial accountability for cloud resources.
A financial management practice for cloud computing that brings financial accountability to variable cloud spending. FinOps aims to maximize the business value of cloud investments through cost transparency and optimization.
Adhering to the General Data Protection Regulation, which governs data privacy and protection for individuals in the European Union. It matters for avoiding significant fines and maintaining trust with EU customers.
Artificial intelligence capable of creating new content, such as text, images, or code, offering new possibilities for innovation and automation in business.
Incorporating AI models that can create new content, such as text or images, into business applications to enhance capabilities.
A plan for managing data based on its geographical location, including where it is stored, processed, and accessed. This is crucial for compliance with data sovereignty regulations and optimizing performance.
An operational model where a Git repository is the single source of truth for infrastructure and configuration. Changes are made via pull requests and the system automatically syncs cluster state.
A method for implementing continuous delivery and infrastructure as code using Git as the single source of truth for declarative infrastructure and applications. GitOps enhances reliability, speed, and auditability of deployments.
The ability of a system to operate continuously with minimal downtime. Achieved through redundancy, load balancing and geographic distribution. Measured in "nines": 99.9%, 99.99%, etc.
High Availability ensures that systems and applications remain operational and accessible with minimal downtime, critical for business continuity.
HPC, or High-Performance Computing, uses powerful systems to solve complex problems and perform large-scale computations, accelerating research and innovation.
An IT architecture combining on-premises infrastructure with a public cloud. Data and workloads move between environments based on security, performance and cost requirements.
A computing environment combining on-premises infrastructure with public or private cloud services, offering flexibility and scalability for enterprise workloads.
Designing IT infrastructure that combines on-premises resources with public and private cloud services for flexibility and scalability.
Enabling employees to work effectively using resources hosted across both private and public cloud environments.
A computing environment that combines on-premises infrastructure with public or private cloud services. This allows organizations to leverage the benefits of both, optimizing performance, security, and cost for different workloads.
Managing and integrating IT resources across both on-premises and cloud environments. This ensures seamless operation and consistent policy enforcement across diverse IT landscapes.
Hybrid integration connects cloud-based and on-premises applications and data. It matters for enabling seamless workflows and data sharing across diverse IT environments.
Hyperconverged Infrastructure integrates compute, storage, and networking into a single system, simplifying management and scaling for businesses.
Infrastructure as a Service — a cloud model where a provider supplies virtual servers, networks, and storage. Instead of buying physical hardware, you rent resources and pay for actual consumption.
Infrastructure as Code — managing IT infrastructure through code instead of manual configuration. Code is stored in Git, versioned, tested and automatically applied. Tools: Terraform, Ansible, Pulumi.
Identity and Access Management (IAM) controls who can access what resources. It's crucial for security and compliance by ensuring only authorized users have appropriate permissions.
Identity and Access Management (IAM) controls who can access what resources within an organization, ensuring security and compliance.
Managing user access and permissions across IT systems to ensure only authorized individuals can access specific resources.
The process of ensuring that the right individuals have the appropriate access to technology resources, critical for security and compliance.
Backups that cannot be altered or deleted once created, providing robust protection against ransomware and accidental data modification.
A structured approach to managing the aftermath of a security breach or cyberattack, aiming to minimize damage and restore normal operations.
Practices and technologies implemented to prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of workers in industrial environments. It minimizes risks, reduces downtime, and complies with regulatory requirements.
Managing and provisioning IT infrastructure through machine-readable definition files, enabling automation, version control, and consistency.
Infrastructure as Code (Terraform) uses code to define and provision IT infrastructure, enabling automation, consistency, and version control for operations.
A review of an organization's IT infrastructure to identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement, guiding strategic planning and modernization.
The oversight and control of an organization's IT hardware, software, and network resources to ensure optimal performance, availability, and security.
The continuous observation of IT infrastructure components to ensure performance, availability, and identify potential issues before they impact operations.
The capability of IT systems to withstand and recover from disruptions like hardware failures or cyberattacks. It matters for ensuring business continuity and minimizing downtime.
A networking event for senior IT leaders to discuss industry trends and challenges. It facilitates peer-to-peer learning and strategic relationship building among executives.
An organization that provides integrated IT solutions and services, often focusing on combining multiple technologies to meet complex business needs. They help enterprises streamline operations by offering a unified approach to IT management.
Microsoft Intune — a cloud platform for mobile device management (MDM) and mobile application management (MAM). Controls corporate and BYOD devices from a single console.
The network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that enable them to connect and exchange data. IoT enables real-time monitoring, automation, and data-driven insights for improved operations and decision-making.
IT architecture defines the structure and organization of an enterprise's IT systems. It matters for ensuring that technology effectively supports business goals and operates efficiently.
Professional services that help organizations leverage technology to achieve their business objectives. Consultants provide expertise in areas like strategy, implementation, and optimization to improve IT performance.
Strategies and practices for managing and reducing IT expenditure without compromising service quality or business objectives. Effective cost control optimizes resource allocation and enhances profitability.
The foundational hardware, software, networks, and facilities that support an organization's IT operations. A robust infrastructure is essential for reliable and efficient business processes.
A systematic review of an organization's IT hardware, software, and network to ensure compliance, security, and efficiency.
An open-source container orchestration system for automating deployment, scaling and management of containerized applications. The de facto standard for cloud-native infrastructure.
An open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications, crucial for modern, scalable software operations.
Kubernetes in Production refers to using the Kubernetes container orchestration system to manage and scale applications in a live business environment.
Potential liabilities and penalties arising from non-compliance with laws and regulations. Managing these risks is crucial for protecting an enterprise from financial and reputational damage.
The quality of being legally recognized and enforceable. For electronic documents and records, this means they can be used as evidence or fulfill legal obligations.
A migration strategy where applications are moved to the cloud without code or architecture changes. The fastest migration method, but does not leverage cloud advantages optimally.
A component that distributes network traffic across multiple servers to ensure high availability and performance. Can be hardware or cloud-based (Azure Load Balancer, AWS ALB).
A cloud computing environment hosted within an organization's own data center or a nearby facility, offering control and potentially lower latency. It is suitable for sensitive data or applications requiring dedicated resources.
Ensuring the accuracy and usability of data over extended periods, often for legal or historical purposes. It matters for maintaining compliance and the reliability of archived information.
Outsourced management of cloud infrastructure and applications, providing expertise in optimization, security, and operations for cloud environments.
Outsourced management of security solutions for devices like laptops and servers, protecting against malware and unauthorized access. This ensures consistent and expert protection for all company endpoints.
A service that handles the setup, operation, and maintenance of Kubernetes clusters, simplifying containerized application deployment and management for enterprises.
Outsourcing management of part or all of IT infrastructure to an external provider. Includes monitoring, support, updates and 24/7 incident response.
The practice of outsourcing IT management and support to a third-party provider. This allows businesses to focus on core competencies while ensuring reliable and efficient IT operations through expert oversight.
A Security Operations Center service provided by a third party, offering 24/7 monitoring, threat detection, and incident response for an organization's security posture.
Mobile Device Management is a system for securing and managing mobile devices used by employees. It ensures data security, compliance, and efficient device deployment across an organization.
Multi-Factor Authentication — requires two or more methods of identity verification: password + SMS code, biometrics, hardware key, etc. A critical element of Zero Trust.
Dividing a network into isolated security zones at individual workload level. Limits lateral movement of an attacker in case of a breach. A key element of Zero Trust.
A security technique that divides data centers and cloud environments into small, isolated security zones to limit lateral movement of threats, enhancing breach containment.
An architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small, independent services, improving development speed and maintainability.
Microservices Architecture structures an application as a collection of small, independent services, enabling agility and scalability for development.
Microsoft's cloud productivity suite: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Teams, Outlook, SharePoint, OneDrive. Includes cloud security, device management and compliance tools.
Microsoft's AI assistant integrated into Microsoft 365, Windows, Edge and Azure. Uses large language models to automate routine tasks, generate text, analyze data and code.
Microsoft's security product line: Defender for Endpoint (EDR), Defender for Cloud, Defender for Identity, Defender for Office 365. Provides comprehensive protection for cloud and hybrid infrastructure.
A cloud-native SIEM system by Microsoft built on Azure. Collects logs from across the infrastructure, uses AI for threat detection and automates response via SOAR playbooks.
Mobile Device Management secures and manages mobile devices used for business, ensuring data protection and compliance.
Continuous observation of IT system status: availability, performance, errors, resource usage. Tools: Prometheus, Grafana, Datadog, Azure Monitor. The foundation of proactive infrastructure management.
Multiprotocol Label Switching — a traffic routing technology using pre-defined label-switched paths. Provides high speed and QoS but costs more than SD-WAN.
A strategy of using cloud services from two or more providers simultaneously (e.g. Azure + AWS). Helps avoid vendor lock-in, optimize costs and improve fault tolerance.
Using multiple public cloud services from different providers to host applications and data. It matters by allowing organizations to avoid vendor lock-in and optimize costs and performance by choosing the best cloud for each specific workload.
Automating the setup of IT resources across multiple cloud environments, enabling consistent deployment and management.
A Multi-cloud Strategy utilizes services from multiple public cloud providers to optimize for cost, performance, and resilience.
A security process requiring multiple forms of verification before granting access, significantly reducing the risk of unauthorized access.
The use of multiple cloud computing services from different cloud providers. This strategy offers flexibility, avoids vendor lock-in, and allows for optimization of services.
Automating and managing IT resources and services across multiple public and private cloud platforms. Multicloud orchestration simplifies complexity and optimizes resource utilization across different cloud providers.
A cloud computing setup that distributes resources and data across multiple geographic regions. This enhances availability, disaster recovery, and allows for serving users in different locations with lower latency.
Techniques and tools used to improve network performance, reduce latency, and enhance bandwidth utilization for better application delivery and user experience.
The design and implementation of security controls and policies across an organization's network infrastructure. A robust architecture is essential for protecting data and systems from unauthorized access and cyber threats.
Next-Generation Firewall — with deep packet inspection, IPS, application control and cloud threat intelligence integration. Examples: Cisco Firepower, Palo Alto, Fortinet.
A European Union directive enhancing cybersecurity requirements for essential and important entities. It aims to improve the overall cybersecurity resilience of the EU.
Local IT infrastructure hosted on a company's own servers in a server room or datacenter. An alternative to cloud with full control but also full responsibility.
On-premises systems are software and hardware located within an organization's physical facilities. They matter for maintaining control over sensitive data and ensuring compliance with specific regulations.
Ensuring that daily business activities and processes adhere to relevant laws, regulations, and internal policies. It matters for maintaining smooth operations, avoiding penalties, and building stakeholder trust.
Operational Expenditure — ongoing costs for cloud services, subscriptions and support. Shifting from CAPEX to OPEX is one of the key advantages of the cloud model.
Oracle Database is a robust relational database management system widely used by enterprises for critical data storage and management.
Automated coordination of multiple IT processes or containers to ensure smooth system operation. Kubernetes is the most widely used container orchestrator.
Connecting operational technology (OT) systems with information technology (IT) systems to improve efficiency and data visibility. This integration enables better monitoring and control of industrial processes.
Platform as a Service — a cloud platform providing an environment for developing, testing and deploying applications without managing the underlying infrastructure. Examples: Azure App Service, Google App Engine.
A controlled simulated cyberattack on IT infrastructure to identify vulnerabilities before attackers exploit them. Can be external, internal or social engineering based.
Safeguarding individuals' private information from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure. It matters for respecting privacy rights and complying with data protection laws.
A cloud environment dedicated to a single organization. Can be hosted in own datacenter or at a provider. Provides full data control and regulatory compliance.
Process re-engineering fundamentally redesigns core business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in performance. It matters because it can unlock significant gains in efficiency, cost reduction, and customer satisfaction by eliminating outdated or inefficient workflows.
Cloud infrastructure owned by a provider and offered to multiple customers over the internet. Resources are shared among users, reducing costs. Major providers: Azure, AWS, GCP.
Qualified Electronic Signature, a legally binding digital signature that meets specific regulatory requirements. It ensures authenticity and integrity of electronic transactions.
Malicious software that encrypts victim data and demands a ransom for the decryption key. One of the biggest threats to business. Protection: backup, EDR, network segmentation, staff training.
Malware that encrypts a victim's files, demanding a ransom for their decryption. It poses a significant threat to business operations and data availability.
Ransomware Protection implements measures to prevent, detect, and recover from ransomware attacks, safeguarding business data and operations.
The maximum acceptable downtime for a business process or IT system after a disruption. Defining RTO helps prioritize recovery efforts and ensures business operations can resume within acceptable limits.
Adhering to all applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards relevant to an organization's operations. It matters for avoiding legal penalties, maintaining trust, and operating ethically.
Adjusting internal policies and procedures to meet evolving legal and industry regulations. It matters for ensuring ongoing compliance and avoiding operational disruptions.
The practice of employees working from locations outside a traditional office, supported by IT infrastructure and tools to maintain productivity and collaboration.
Implementing measures to protect company data and systems when employees access them from outside the traditional office network.
Commitment-based cloud purchasing options that offer significant discounts compared to on-demand pricing for predictable workloads, improving cost predictability.
Adjusting the capacity of cloud resources, like servers and databases, to match actual usage, reducing waste and cost.
Adjusting computing resources to match the actual needs of applications, preventing over-provisioning and reducing unnecessary costs.
The process of optimizing cloud resources — selecting the right type and size of VMs, storage and services to match actual workload. A key FinOps practice.
Recovery Point Objective — the maximum acceptable data loss in case of a disaster, expressed in time. RPO = 1 hour means the business can lose no more than one hour of data.
Recovery Time Objective — the maximum acceptable system downtime after a disaster. RTO = 4 hours means systems must be restored within four hours.
Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO) define the maximum acceptable downtime and data loss for business continuity, guiding disaster recovery strategies.
Software as a Service — a model for delivering software over the internet via subscription. Users access ready-made applications without installation. Examples: Microsoft 365, Salesforce, Google Workspace.
Secure Access Service Edge — a cloud model unifying network security (ZTNA, SWG, CASB, FWaaS) and SD-WAN into a single platform. Ensures secure resource access from any location.
Software-Defined Wide Area Network — replaces or supplements MPLS. Intelligently routes traffic between branches across multiple links (internet, LTE, MPLS).
Software-Defined Wide Area Networking optimizes network traffic routing and management across distributed locations, improving performance and reducing costs.
The design and blueprint for an organization's security systems and controls. It ensures that security measures are integrated effectively to protect assets and data.
A systematic evaluation of an organization's IT systems and security controls to identify vulnerabilities and ensure compliance with policies and regulations.
Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response tools that streamline security operations by automating repetitive tasks and coordinating responses.
The continuous observation of IT systems and networks for suspicious activity or security breaches. It matters for early detection of threats and timely response to incidents.
A cloud computing model where the provider automatically manages server infrastructure. Developers write only function code, and the cloud scales and executes on demand. Examples: Azure Functions, AWS Lambda.
Serverless computing allows developers to build and run applications without managing servers, abstracting away infrastructure concerns. This reduces operational overhead and allows organizations to focus on code and pay only for actual execution time.
A Service Level Agreement (SLA) defines the performance standards and responsibilities between a service provider and a customer, ensuring service quality.
A cloud security framework outlining the security obligations of both the cloud provider and the customer, clarifying roles for maintaining a secure environment.
Security Information and Event Management — a system for collecting, analyzing and correlating security logs from across the infrastructure in real time. Helps detect threats and incidents. Examples: Microsoft Sentinel, Splunk.
Security Information and Event Management systems collect and analyze security logs from various sources to detect threats and manage security incidents.
A service level agreement that defines performance standards for IT services delivered across multiple geographic locations. It ensures consistent quality and availability of IT operations worldwide.
Service Level Agreement — a contract between provider and customer defining guaranteed availability (e.g. 99.9%), incident response times and penalties.
Security Operations Center — a cybersecurity monitoring center that tracks threats 24/7, analyzes incidents and coordinates response. Can be internal or outsourced (SOC-as-a-Service).
Automating repetitive tasks within a Security Operations Center (SOC) to improve efficiency and response times. This allows security analysts to focus on more complex threats and reduces human error.
The entire process of developing, delivering, and maintaining software, including all components and dependencies. It matters because vulnerabilities or disruptions in this chain can compromise application security and business operations.
A networking technology that uses software to manage and optimize Wide Area Network connections, improving performance and reducing costs. SD-WAN offers greater agility and control over network traffic.
Cisco's data analytics and SIEM platform for monitoring, searching and visualizing machine data in real time. Widely used in SOC for security log analysis.
SSSCIP, or the State System of Scientific, Technical and Environmental Information Protection, is a Ukrainian cybersecurity standard. It matters for enterprises operating in Ukraine as compliance is often mandatory to protect sensitive information and infrastructure.
This involves identifying and mitigating potential disruptions in the flow of goods and services from suppliers to customers. It matters because disruptions can halt production, increase costs, and damage reputation.
Total Cost of Ownership — the full cost of an IT solution including acquisition, implementation, maintenance, training and decommissioning. A key metric when choosing between on-premises and cloud.
TCO Analysis calculates the total cost of ownership for IT assets, helping businesses make informed decisions about investments and operational expenses.
An Infrastructure as Code tool by HashiCorp for describing and automatically deploying cloud infrastructure via declarative configurations. Supports Azure, AWS, GCP and dozens of other providers.
An open-source Infrastructure as Code tool that allows users to define and provision infrastructure across multiple cloud providers and on-premises environments.
The process of identifying and alerting on malicious activities or security breaches within an IT environment, essential for proactive cybersecurity.
Proactively searching for cyber threats within an organization's network that may have evaded existing security defenses.
Information about potential or current threats to an organization's IT infrastructure, used to inform security decisions. It helps proactively identify and mitigate risks before they cause damage.
A global cybersecurity solutions provider: endpoint, server, cloud and email protection. Vision One is their XDR platform with AI analytics.
Unified Communications as a Service, a cloud-based delivery model for integrated communication services like voice, video, messaging, and conferencing. It enhances collaboration and employee productivity.
Refers to the country and its geopolitical situation, which can impact global supply chains, cybersecurity threats, and international business operations. Businesses need to consider its effects on their operations and risk assessments.
Laws and regulations enacted in Ukraine that may impact business operations, data handling, and cybersecurity practices for companies operating within or interacting with the country.
Unified Endpoint Management centralizes the management of diverse devices like PCs, laptops, and mobile phones, streamlining IT administration and security.
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure provides users with virtualized desktop environments hosted on a central server, enabling secure and flexible access to applications and data from any device.
A backup and recovery platform for virtual, physical and cloud environments. A leader in backup for VMware, Hyper-V, AWS, Azure and Microsoft 365.
A situation where an organization becomes dependent on a specific vendor's products or services, making it difficult and costly to switch to alternatives.
Hosting desktop operating systems on a central server, allowing users to access their desktops remotely from any device.
Virtualization creates multiple virtual machines on a single physical server, improving resource utilization and flexibility for enterprise operations.
Software that creates and manages virtual machines (VMs) and other virtualized resources on physical hardware. Virtualization enables efficient resource utilization, flexibility, and easier management of IT infrastructure.
Broadcom's (formerly VMware) leading virtualization platform for creating and managing virtual machines. Includes ESXi hypervisor and vCenter Server for centralized management.
Virtual Private Network — an encrypted tunnel between a device and the corporate network over the public internet. Provides secure remote access but is gradually being replaced by ZTNA within Zero Trust.
Combines VPN security with SD-WAN flexibility for optimized and secure network traffic routing across distributed locations. This integration ensures reliable connectivity and performance for enterprise applications.
Web Application Firewall — filters HTTP traffic and protects against SQL injection, XSS, application-level DDoS attacks. Deployed in front of the web server.
Using technology to automate sequences of tasks or actions within a business process. Workflow automation increases efficiency, reduces errors, and frees up employee time for more strategic work.
Extended Detection and Response — advanced threat detection combining data from endpoints, networks, cloud and email into a single platform for correlation and automated response.
A security model where no user or device is trusted by default, even inside the corporate network. Every request is verified and authorized independently.
A security framework that requires strict identity verification for every person and device trying to access resources on a private network, regardless of location, to minimize breach impact.
Zero Trust Access verifies every access request regardless of origin, enhancing security by assuming no user or device is inherently trustworthy.
Zero Trust Architecture is a security model that requires strict identity verification for every person and device trying to access resources, minimizing breach impact.
Zero Trust Implementation is the process of applying the zero trust security model across an organization's IT environment, enhancing overall security posture.
A security framework that requires strict identity verification for every person and device trying to access resources on a private network, regardless of location. Zero Trust minimizes the attack surface and prevents unauthorized access.
Automated device configuration and deployment without manual intervention, enabling rapid scaling of IT infrastructure. ZTP simplifies network and device setup, reducing deployment time and costs.
Zero Trust Network Access — a secure remote access approach replacing VPN. Grants access only to specific applications after verifying identity and device posture, not the entire network.
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